Revitalisasi Dalihan Natolu Sidikalang dalam Pendidikan Agama Kristen Berbasis Teologi Kontekstual Bevans
Keywords:
Bevans's Contextual Theology, Christian Religious Education, Critical Ethnography, Critical Pedagogy, Dalihan NatoluAbstract
The revitalization of local wisdom in religious education has become a crucial issue amid the dominance of a centralized curriculum that often overlooks the sociocultural context of students. In Sidikalang, the values of Dalihan Natolu a pillar of Toba Batak kinship tend to be neglected in PAK practices, leading to identity alienation among the younger generation. This study aims to reconstruct a model for revitalizing Dalihan Natolu in PAK through a synthesis of Stephen Bevans’ contextual theology and Paulo Freire’s critical pedagogy. Using a qualitative approach with a critical ethnographic design, this study involved 25 participants selected through purposive and snowball sampling, including PAK teachers, traditional leaders (raja/penghulu), students, parents, parhata (traditional spokespersons), and the head of the education office. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, six months of participatory observation, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), and documentation, which were then analyzed using the interactive model developed by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. The research results revealed five main findings: (1) there is an ambivalence of values in which the existence of Dalihan Natolu is acknowledged but the transmission of its meaning is disrupted; (2) cultural integration in formal PAK is minimal due to the limitations of the national curriculum and teacher competencies; (3) the theological resistance of conservative groups is not monolithic, thus opening space for dialogue; (4) the younger generation (naposo) exhibits high enthusiasm as agents of change; and (5) the desired model reconstruction takes the form of a three-phase spiral (meaning-making, reflection, action).
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