Studi Musikologi atas Karya-karya Piano Mozart: Menelusuri Perkembangan Gaya dari Masa Kanak-kanak hingga Requiem
Keywords:
Historical Method, Musicological Analysis, Piano Recital, Piano Works, Wolfgang Amadeus MozartAbstract
This study examines the musical development of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart through five piano works representing distinct stages of his life: Minuet in G Major (K.1/1E), Piano Sonata No. 1 (K.279, Andante), Alla Turca (K.331), Piano Sonata No. 16 (K.545), and Lacrimosa from the Requiem. The problem addressed is how Mozart's life journey and historical-biographical context shaped the evolution of his musical style, operationalized through five dimensions of analysis: form/structure, harmony, melody, playing technique, and musical expression. This research employs a historical method with a qualitative approach; the historical method is used to trace the background of each composition's creation, while the qualitative approach is applied to analyze musical elements within the score. The relationship between biography and musical characteristics is read through the hermeneutic windows framework, treating life context as an explanatory variable rather than a single determining cause. Data were collected through literature review, score observation, and recital documentation, then validated through source triangulation. The results show a gradual shift across the five dimensions: simple structure in childhood, expanded phrasing in adolescence, structural variation and contrasting articulation in adulthood, and harmonic complexity with deepened spiritual expression in the final work. The piano recital serves as a medium of interpretive verification for these analytical findings, confirming that Mozart's stylistic development can be observed both textually and aurally.
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